Use area or volume representations instead of linear scales to exaggerate differences. See VD-69: “Shrinking family doctor” as an example of how to confuse people using 1 versus 2- and 3- dimensional size comparisons. Area and volume representations fool people with the square/cube law: an increase in linear size leads to a square of the increase for areas and a cube of the increase for volumes.
Fail to adjust for population growth or inflation in financial graphs
Make use of design variation to obscure or exaggerate data variation (VD-61: exaggeration of OPEC prices)
Exaggerate the vertical scale
Show only a part of a cycle so that data from other parts of the cycle cannot be used for proper comparison
credit to…http://www.washington.edu/computing/training/560/zz-tufte.html
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